The BIOrescue project addresses the massive surplus of Spent Mushroom Substrate (SMS) generated by the mushroom industry. By applying a circular biorefinery approach, the project extracts valuable components like soluble sugars and then transforms the remaining fibrous material into customized bio-based fertilizers. This reduces waste disposal costs for farmers while returning essential nutrients to the soil in a stabilized, eco-friendly form.
The process involves a thermochemical pretreatment of the spent compost to break down its complex lignocellulosic structure. This is followed by enzymatic hydrolysis to recover bioactive fractions. The solid residues are then stabilized through a controlled composting or pelletization process to create concentrated organic fertilizers ready for agricultural application.
Traditional Styrofoam takes centuries to decompose. Mycelium packaging, or "Shroom Protection," uses the root structure of mushrooms to "grow" packaging. By feeding agricultural waste (like hemp or corn husks) to mycelium, the fungal roots bind the waste together into a solid, molded shape. The result is a high-performance protective material that is 100% home-compostable and carbon-negative.
Cleaned agricultural waste is inoculated with mycelium spores and placed into a custom mold. Over several days, the mycelium grows through the waste, acting as a natural glue. Once the shape is fully formed, it is heat-treated to stop the growth and stabilize the material, creating a lightweight, durable, and fire-resistant packaging component.
Synthetic graphite used in batteries is expensive and requires harsh chemicals for production. Portobello mushrooms have a naturally porous structure and high potassium salt content. Researchers have discovered that heat-treating mushroom tissue creates a carbon nanoribbon structure that allows for faster lithium-ion transport. Over time, the performance of these mushroom-based batteries actually increases, as the pores open up further during charge cycles.
The skin of the Portobello mushroom is harvested and subjected to a two-step thermal process. First, it is heated to 500°C to create a carbonized scaffold. Second, it is heated to 1100°C (Pyrolysis) to form highly interconnected carbon nanoribbons. This unique biological architecture prevents the "mechanical stress" typically seen in battery anodes, leading to superior durability.
